Deepsea ‘batteries’ offer new source of oxygen for the planet

‘We have another source of oxygen, other than photosynthesis,’ says scientist who discovered so-called geobatteries

Anthony Cuthbertson
Wednesday 24 July 2024 11:31 EDT
Comments
‘Dark oxygen’ produced by mineral deposits on the ocean floor could sustain entire underwater ecosystems
‘Dark oxygen’ produced by mineral deposits on the ocean floor could sustain entire underwater ecosystems (iStock/ Getty Images)

Your support helps us to tell the story

From reproductive rights to climate change to Big Tech, The Independent is on the ground when the story is developing. Whether it's investigating the financials of Elon Musk's pro-Trump PAC or producing our latest documentary, 'The A Word', which shines a light on the American women fighting for reproductive rights, we know how important it is to parse out the facts from the messaging.

At such a critical moment in US history, we need reporters on the ground. Your donation allows us to keep sending journalists to speak to both sides of the story.

The Independent is trusted by Americans across the entire political spectrum. And unlike many other quality news outlets, we choose not to lock Americans out of our reporting and analysis with paywalls. We believe quality journalism should be available to everyone, paid for by those who can afford it.

Your support makes all the difference.

Scientists have discovered a new source of oxygen on the planet, originating from metal “batteries” deep beneath the Pacific Ocean.

The “dark oxygen” phenomenon was observed at depths of nearly 4,000 metres where light does not penetrate, making photosynthesis impossible.

Instead, the oxygen originates from natural mineral deposits on the ocean floor that act as weak batteries capable of producing enough voltage to split seawater into hydrogen and oxygen.

“We have another source of oxygen on the planet, other than photosynthesis,” said Andrew Sweetman, an ecologist at the Scottish Association for Marine Science (SAMS), who was involved in the research.

Professor Sweetman, who made the discovery while conducting fieldwork in the Pacific Ocean, said the new revelation challenges our understanding of where aerobic life originates.

“For aerobic life to begin on the planet, there had to be oxygen, and our understanding has been that Earth’s oxygen supply began with photosynthesis organisms,” he said. “But we now know that there is oxygen produced in the deep sea, where there is no light.”

The amount of oxygen produced by the mineral deposits, known as polymetallic nodules, is miniscule compared to the oxygen generated through photosynthesis, however it may be enough to support deep-sea ecosystems.

In order to confirm their theory that these underwater batteries were creating the gas, scientists at SAMS recreated the process in successful lab experiments at Northwestern University.

“It appears that we discovered a natural ‘geobattery’,” said Franz Geiger, a professor of chemistry at Northwestern’s Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, adding that the discovery could force deep-sea mining companies to reassess the impact that their activities have on underwater ecosystems.

“These geobatteries are the basis for a possible explanation of the ocean’s dark oxygen production... This puts a major asterisk onto strategies for sea-floor mining as ocean-floor faunal diversity in nodule-rich areas is higher than in the most diverse tropical rainforests.”

The research was detailed in a study, titled ‘Evidence of dark oxygen production at the abyssal seafloor’, published in the journal Nature Geoscience.

Join our commenting forum

Join thought-provoking conversations, follow other Independent readers and see their replies

Comments

Thank you for registering

Please refresh the page or navigate to another page on the site to be automatically logged inPlease refresh your browser to be logged in