Pope Francis condemns violence against women and 'machismo culture' in Latin America

Pope Francis has denounced femicide and other gender-based crimes that have turned Latin America into the most violent place on Earth for women, calling for legislation to protect them and a new cultural mindset as he visited one of Peru’s most dangerous areas.

At a Marian prayer in the northern seaside city of Trujillo, Francis called women, mothers and grandmothers the guiding force for families.

And yet in the Americas they are too often victims of murder and “many situations of violence that are kept quiet behind so many walls”, he said on Saturday during the closing stages of a tour of the region.

The first Latin American pontiff called for lawmakers to protect women and for a new culture “that repudiates every form of violence”. His remarks came the same day large crowds marched throughout the United States and other countries in support of female empowerment.

Francis’s use of the term femicide – the killing of women where the motive is directly related to gender – marked the second time in as many days that he has spoken out against “machismo” culture in Latin America.

The region has the dubious honour of having the world’s highest rates of violence against women occurring outside romantic partnerships, and the second-highest of violence within.

Even though more and more countries in the region are adopting protective policies for women, female homicides are rising in Latin America, with two in every five resulting from domestic violence, according to a November 2017 report from UN Women and the UN Development Programme that called the phenomenon a “global pandemic”.

In recent years women have taken to the streets across Latin America, including in Peru, to protest gender violence as part of the international “Ni Una Menos”, or “Not One Less”, campaign.

In the Peruvian Amazon this week, Francis denounced forced prostitution and the trafficking of women in the area, saying it pained him how they are “devalued, denigrated and exposed to endless violence”.

“Violence against women cannot be treated as ‘normal’, maintaining a culture of machismo blind to the leading role that women play in our communities,” he said on Friday. “It is not right for us to look the other way and let the dignity of so many women, especially young women, be trampled upon.”

Francis’s decision to directly address the issue followed a reticence to speak out last year when he visited Ciudad Juarez, the Mexican border city notorious for hundreds of killings of women which brought international attention to the problem. More than 100 women died in eerily similar killings in the city – across from El Paso, Texas – starting in 1993, although the serial or copycat nature of them tapered off a decade later.

At a 2016 open-air mass in Juarez, Francis made an emotional plea to recognise the “human tragedy” of the treatment of migrants but made only a passing mention of the women’s killings. At the time he did not use the word “femicide”, saying only: “And what can we say about so many women who have unjustly had their lives taken?”

Mothers of some of the Juarez victims had sought unsuccessfully to meet with Francis, and Saturday marked the first time he is known to have used the term “femicide” in public.

Central American countries (Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua and Panama) have the highest rates of gender-based violence, but the issue is also a serious problem in Peru. More than 1,000 women died from gender-based violence in the South American country between 2009 and last October – the vast majority murdered by a partner or relative – according to a report by the public ministry.

Despite the thunderous welcome the pontiff has received throughout his trip to Peru, the uproar over the Catholic Church’s handling of a clerical sex abuse scandal in Chile – and Francis’ own remarks on the case – have continued to cast a shadow over the visit. All ears will be tuned in on Sunday to any final words Francis might share on a crisis he had hoped to help mend in a visit to usually friendly Latin American turf.

During his seven-day trip to Chile and Peru, the pontiff personally apologised to survivors of priests who sexually abused them, travelled deep into the Amazon to meet with indigenous leaders and urged the Chilean government and radical Mapuche factions to peacefully resolve one of the region’s longest-running disputes.

But the Pope, 81, also attracted unprecedented rejection as at least a dozen churches across Chile were set aflame and riot police shot teargas and arrested protesters who tried marching in on mass in Santiago.

He stirred outrage when he accused victims of Chile’s most notorious paedophile priest of slander.

In response to a question from a reporter on accusations against Juan Barros, a Chilean bishop appointed by the Pope in 2015 who is accused of protecting a paedophile, he said: “The day I see proof against Bishop Barros, then I will talk. There is not a single piece of evidence against him. It is all slander. Is that clear?”

Francis’s comments, appearing to dismiss the credibility of accusers, were widely criticised by victims, their advocates and newspaper editorials in Chile and Francis’s native Argentina.

Bishop Barros has been accused of protecting his former mentor, the Rev Fernando Karadima, who was found guilty in a Vatican investigation in 2011 of abusing teenage boys over many years. Rev Karadima denies the allegations and Bishop Barros said he was unaware of any wrongdoing. The Barros-Karadima case has riveted Chile for years.

Cardinal Sean O’Malley, the Archbishop of Boston and Francis’s top adviser on clergy sex abuse, said: “Words that convey the message, ‘If you cannot prove your claims, then you will not be believed’, abandon those who have suffered reprehensible criminal violations of their human dignity and relegate survivors to discredited exile.”

The pontiff’s words were “a source of great pain for survivors of sexual abuse by clergy or any other perpetrator”, he added.

AP/Reuters