Stay up to date with notifications from The Independent

Notifications can be managed in browser preferences.

Caterpillar with a 'hat' of discarded heads uses it to fend off attackers, study finds

Scientists have found that the caterpillar may use its unusual hat to protect itself from predators

Doug Bolton
Thursday 24 March 2016 14:18 EDT
Comments
An Uraba lugens caterpillar with a tower of discarded skulls still attaches to its head
An Uraba lugens caterpillar with a tower of discarded skulls still attaches to its head (John Tann/Flickr (Published under CC BY 2.0 license))

Your support helps us to tell the story

From reproductive rights to climate change to Big Tech, The Independent is on the ground when the story is developing. Whether it's investigating the financials of Elon Musk's pro-Trump PAC or producing our latest documentary, 'The A Word', which shines a light on the American women fighting for reproductive rights, we know how important it is to parse out the facts from the messaging.

At such a critical moment in US history, we need reporters on the ground. Your donation allows us to keep sending journalists to speak to both sides of the story.

The Independent is trusted by Americans across the entire political spectrum. And unlike many other quality news outlets, we choose not to lock Americans out of our reporting and analysis with paywalls. We believe quality journalism should be available to everyone, paid for by those who can afford it.

Your support makes all the difference.

A species of caterpillar uses a stack of its old discarded skulls as an armoured 'helmet' to help fend off predators, scientists have found.

The Uraba lugens, commonly found in Australia and New Zealand, is usually known as the 'gum leaf skeletoniser' for its habit of eating eucalyptus leaves and leaving behind only the stems.

It's also nicknamed the 'Mad Hatterpillar', for an unusual protrusion which appears while it's still a larva.

As the creature grows, it sheds its exoskeleton, like many other insects.

However, the head part of the exoskeleton remains attached to the body during shedding. Over the course of multiple sheds, the collection of heads grows, piling on top of each other and forming a horn-shaped protrusion.

It's an interesting spectacle, but there hasn't been much research into why they hold on to their heads.

These video screenshots show the caterpillar using its 'horn' to fend off an attacker (Pic: Petah Low)
These video screenshots show the caterpillar using its 'horn' to fend off an attacker (Pic: Petah Low) (Petah Low)

Now, a study published in PeerJ, conducted by the University of Syndney's Petah Low, has suggested that the 'skull helmet' may help them survive attacks by predators.

Low and her team took a number of these caterpillars and removed some of their helmets. The caterpillars then faced off against a larger insect, and their survival times were measured.

They found that caterpillars equipped with the helmets were more than twice as likely to survive their battles than those without, possibly because they used the appendages as weapons, or because they acted as a false target for the predators.

As the BBC reports, the sample size of the study was small, but it does shed some light on the behaviours of one of the most unusual insects in the animal kingdom.

Join our commenting forum

Join thought-provoking conversations, follow other Independent readers and see their replies

Comments

Thank you for registering

Please refresh the page or navigate to another page on the site to be automatically logged inPlease refresh your browser to be logged in